Advanced Maths

Iteration


x2 - x - 6 = 0

Let's make 'x' the subject of this equation; there are three possibilities:


  • x = √(6 + x)
  • x = (x2- 6) / 5
  • x = 1 + 6 / x

When the above equation - x2 + 5x - 3 = 0 -  is written in one of the above form with 'x' being the subject, they are said to be in iterative form. That means, when the a value is substituted for 'x' on the right hand side the value of 'x' on the left can be obtained. Then the latter is put back in the equation to generate the other value. This goes on until, x approaches a constant value. This value is taken as a solution. Therefore, the actual iterative formula takes the following form, depending on the rearrangement.


  • xn+1 = √(6 + xn)
  • xn+1 = (xn2 - 6)/5
  • xn+1 = 1 + 6/xn

The first value of x - x0 - is taken from a range of possibilites - guesses. Now let's solve one of the above equations using iteration.


xn+1 = √(6 + xn)



  1. First guess a range where a solution could exist. Press the button and it will provide you with one.


  2. Now fill in the value of 'x0' from one of the value you get and press the iterate button to find the solution:
    x0 =



Have you noticed the way 'x' values approach the solution; the longer you go the better.You can now see the beauty of iteration; it helps us to find the solution of an equation; since we have different forms of iteration, we can use all of them to find all the solutions.


Have you noticed the way 'x' values approach the solution? The longer you go the better. You can now see the beauty of iteration; it helps us to find the solution of an equation; since we have different forms of iteration, we can use each one of them to find all the solutions.


Practice is the key to mastering maths; please visit this page, for more worksheets.


Please work out the following questions to complement what you have just learnt.


  1. Rearrange x2 - 8x + 4 =0 in the form of xn+1 = 8 - 5/xn and find the solution, correct to three significant figures
  2. Rearrange x3 - 5x2 - 18 = 0 in the form of xn+1 = 18 / xn2 + 5 and find the solution, correct to three significant figures
  3. Solve x2 - 5x + 6 =0, using x = 2.5 as the initial value.